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Drug Forms: A Guide For The Medical Transcriptionist

Drugs are created in many different forms that include:

•Tablet
•Capsule
•Cream
•Ointment
•Lotion
•Powder
•Liquid
•Suppositories
•Transdermal

Tablets:

Contain dried powdered active drug as well as binders and fillers to provide bulk and proper tablet size. Scored tablets have an indented line running across the top. A scored tablet can be easily broken into two pieces with a knife to produce two doses.

Enteric tablets are covered with a special coating that resists stomach acid and dissolves in the alkaline environment of the small intestine to avoid irritation.

Slow-release tablets are made to provide a continuous, sustained release of certain drugs. Abbreviation for slow-release tablet is SR and for long acting tablets, the abbreviation is LA in the trade name of the drug. Example: Procan SR and Entex LA.

Caplets are easy-to-swallow coated tablets in the form of capsules.

Capsules is a drug form that comes in two varieties, soft gelatin shell made in one piece in which the drug is in a liquid form inside the shell and a hard shell made in two pieces that fit together and hold the drug, which is in a powdered or granular form.

Cream is a semisolid emulsion of oil such as lanolin or petroleum and water. The main ingredient is water. Many topical drugs are made in a cream base.

Ointment is a semisolid emulsion of oil such as lanolin or petroleum and water. Oil is the main ingredient. Many topical drugs are made in an ointment base such Kenalog ointment and specially formulated ophthalmic ointments.

Most creams and ointments are applied to the skin without precise measurement with the exception of nitroglycerin ointment used to prevent angina. Nitroglycerin is precisely measured in inches on a specially marked applicator paper which is taped to the patient’s skin.

Lotion is a suspension of an active drug in a water base for external use. Example is Keri lotion.

Powder is a finely ground form of an active drug.

Liquid comes in the form of either solutions or suspensions. Solutions come in the form of elixirs, syrups, tinctures, liquid sprays and foams.

Elixirs contain an alcohol and water base with added sugar and flavoring. Example would be Tylenol elixir.

Liquid sprays contain a solution of the drug combined with water or alcohol to be sprayed by a pump or aerosol propellant.

Suspensions contain fine, un-dissolved particles of a drug suspended in a liquid base.

Suppositories contain a solid base of glycerin or cocoa butter containing the drug.

Transdermal form of drugs is relatively new. It consists of a multi-layered disk containing a drug reservoir, a porous membrane, and an adhesive layer to hold it to the skin.

It helps to know the meanings of the different kinds of drug forms as you transcribe medical dictation.

This article is FREE to publish with the resource box.

© 2007 Connie Limon All Rights Reserved

Connie Limon
http://www.articlesbase.com/careers-articles/drug-forms-a-guide-for-the-medical-transcriptionist-189937.html


Body Detox At Home – Your Solution To Weight-Loss Issues!

There’s a lot of attention to weight and having a great body these days. Most of us, no matter what we weigh, probably think we could stand to lose a few pounds. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control has found that two-thirds of adults, and almost one-fifth of teens, are overweight or obese. If you’ve ever tried to diet, you know how frustrating it can be in adding or getting rid of a few pounds. In truth, most diets don’t work because they don’t get to the root of the problem – poor habits and compromised health.

Since the day we were born, our bodies have been accumulating toxins. And in today’s world, we are bombarded with them. Not only are we overwhelmed by fast food and processed meals, our environment is burdened by air and water pollution and a range of modern chemicals. And more recently, genetic engineering of foods has made keeping healthy an even greater mystery.

But the number one offender is diet. Our bodies are designed to eliminate toxins and maintain health balances of temperature, pH level, and biological processes. There are three main ways we eliminate toxins naturally: through a more alkaline (than acidic) diet, through biologic processes that restore health balance internally, and through elimination of wastes through the digestive process. When our diets are overly acidic, the normal processes are over-stressed, and we begin to suffer symptoms like exhaustion, muscle and tissue pain, weight gain, and eventually more serious diseases (even cancer).

If you’re experiencing these symptoms, or if you are generally feeling less that healthy, you may need to detoxify your body. Many scientists and health-care workers think home body detox is a practical, rational solution for restoring healthy chemical balances within the body.

A successful detox program can help you lose weight, restore your energy, reduce symptoms of asthma and diabetes, and slow down the aging process. Home body detox is an attractive alternative to popular diets because it focuses first on you health and, second, on your weight. Improving your health is the best way to achieve long-term weight loss, and it may be less expensive that the diets you see advertised in the market today. And while you’re losing weight, the home body detox program is enhancing your body’s natural ability to cleanse itself, bringing it back to a healthy balance.

It’s easy to practice your body detox program at home, since most of its aspects involve food choices and personal habits. You can detoxify your body without special prescriptions or medications, though you may want to add some alkalizing water or vitamin/mineral supplements to speed the detox process. Effective home body detox programs can be accomplished in as little as two to three weeks.

The goals of a home body detox program is to help you lose weight, improve circulation, increase toxin elimination, cleanse the colon, and provide nutrients to the liver. Your liver is the primary organ for natural detoxification, and liver health should be one of your top priorities.

People who’ve followed home body detox programs report they there were able to lose weight faster than they had with other diets and weight-loss products. They also reported clearer skin, better digestion, more energy, and more regular bowel movements.

By practicing home body detox, you’ll learn what foods support your health. Fresh fruit and vegetables are highly recommended for both weight loss and bringing your pH level to a more normal, healthy alkaline state. Fresh low-sugar fruit, leafy green vegetables, alkalized water, virgin oils, stone-ground whole wheat products, lemon water, and non-caffeinated, non-carbonated drinks should replace the old processed meals, canned goods, meat- and dairy-heavy meals, and alcohol. And be sure to drink more water. During a home body detox program, experts recommend at least 4 quarts of water each day. After detox, you should still be sure to drink at least two quarts a day. Short one- and two-day fasts will also speed up the body detox process.

Another reason to undertake a home body detox program is that you will learn new, healthy habits that will extend well belong your weight-loss period. It’s important to know that, if you return to your old eating habits, your body will begin to retain toxins, and you’ll eventually find yourself with unwanted symptoms, including weight gain. Maintaining a proper diet will help your body process and eliminate toxins naturally and effectively without supplements or medications. It’s your choice. Live healthy and have a healthy life. Live unhealthy and make unhealthy lifestyle choices, and you’ll be back to the home body detox program.

You don’t have to embark on all these changes at once. You can start slowly by changing some eating habits now and others later. Begin getting more and more regular exercise by taking short walks, leading up eventually to a more aggressive exercise program. Detox your mind, too. Schedule private time each day to maintain a healthy psychological and emotional balance to reduce the stresses that add to ill health.

One last word of advice: before you start any diet or home body detox program, visit your doctor to be sure you don’t have a more serious problem that should be treated medically before undertaking home body detox. Your doctor may be able to give you additional advice that will enhance body detox and help lead you to a new healthy, happy lifestyle.

Abhishek Agarwal
http://www.articlesbase.com/alternative-medicine-articles/body-detox-at-home-your-solution-to-weightloss-issues-708974.html


Diabetes How Alkaline Water Can Help! Part 1

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http://www.balancedhealthtoday.com/glytamins.html

Diabetes symptoms can range through fatigue, thirst, infections, blurry vision and a lot more.

Its important for you to know the symptoms as a first line indication as to whether you or your children have contracted it? If you find you have these symptoms then you need to take action quickly. Diabetes is a highly debilitating illness which often ends in death and it needs to be taken seriously.

alkaline water has been found to be highly effective in relieving the symptoms of diabetes and helping sufferers get off their medication but before taking any steps on your own its important to seek a diagnosis from a qualified physician.

In Type 1 diabetes, the symptoms can often come on suddenly and dramatically. It mostly shows up in childhood or early teens often after an illness, virus or injury. The extra stress can cause diabetic ketoacidosis. Without treatment, ketoacidosis can lead to coma and death.

Symptoms of Type 2 diabetes are often not obvious and you may think they are due to aging or obesity. Its possible to have Diabetes 2 for many years without being aware that you have it. Steroids and stress can be big factors in the onset of Diabetes 2. Its important to take this illness seriously; it can lead to unpleasant outcomes like blindness, kidney failure, heart disease, and nerve damage.

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Rosacea – Causes, Symptoms and Natural Cures

Rosacea is a very common disorder. Many who suffer from it do not even know that they have it because it is easily mistaken for other skin disorders. There is no cure for rosacea, so the goal of treatment is to reduce or minimize the symptoms as much as possible. In many cases, patients try to cope with the symptoms by using a rosacea lotion or a combination of different rosacea skin care products.

Rosacea is a chronic (long-term) disease that affects the skin and sometimes the eyes. The disorder is characterised by redness, pimples, and, in advanced stages, thickened skin. Rosacea usually affects the face; other parts of the upper body are only rarely involved.

Causes

The exact cause of rosacea is unknown, various theories about the disorder’s origin have evolved over the years. Facial blood vessels dilate too easily, and the increased blood near the skin surface makes the skin appear red and flushed. Various things called trigger factors can increase this redness response. Acne-like bumps appear, often in the redder area of the central face. This may be due to factors related to blood flow, skin bacteria, microscopic skin mites (Demodex), irritation of follicles, sun damage of the connective tissue under the skin, an abnormal immune or inflammatory response, or psychological factors.

Signs and Symptoms

The primary symptoms of Rosacea are Flushing, redness that comes and goes it resembles the look of blushing. Persistent Redness, continued redness of the face that looks like you have constant sunburn. Bumps and Pimples, absent of blackheads but what looks like acne, solid red bumps or puss-filled pimples. Visible Blood Vessels, you may start to see blood vessels on your face. Secondary symptoms can include eye irritation, swelling of the face mainly around the nose, dry appearance, a change in skin thickness, and plaques.

Rosacea typically causes inflammation of the skin of the face, particularly the forehead, cheeks, nose, and chin. When rosacea first develops, it may appear, then disappear, and then reappear. However, in time the skin fails to return to its normal color and the enlarged blood vessels and pimples arrive. Rosacea rarely reverses itself. It lasts for years and, if untreated, it will worsen. Rosacea does not cause the blackheads and whiteheads that are in common acne.

Drink Alkaline Water

You should drink at least ten glasses of alkaline water per day to help neutralize the acids that cause your rosacea flushing. It is important to remember to drink water throughout the day even if you do not “feel” thirsty. You should drink considerably more water if you are working outside, playing a sport, or doing anything physically taxing. You should also drink more if you live in a dry climate or have a higher metabolism, anxiety, or stress. Water is needed for skin tissue repair as well as nearly every body process including efficient digestion, absorption, circulation and secretion. Water carries vital nutrients to the skin and all body cells and removes waste.

Be sure to use a gentle skin cleanser without harsh abrasives or other harsh chemicals/ingredients. Excessive alcohol and harsh chemicals abound in many cleansers, so be sure your cleanser is free of irritants. There are some great anti-redness masks, serums, and gentle cleansers out there for rosacea sufferers that will soothe and calm the skin, bringing back its normal color and balance.

peterhutch
http://www.articlesbase.com/health-articles/rosacea-causes-symptoms-and-natural-cures-403791.html


Alkazone PH Booster Supply – 1.2 oz

Alkazone PH Booster Supply - 1.2 oz

Drink your minerals! The easiest way to alkalize your diet! Feel the benefits for your self. Alkaline water provides the minerals the body needs to buffer excess acidity from the metabolism of food. You will feel the difference. Tea tastes better too! pH balance, a key to healthy living It is up to you to help your body win the fight to maintain proper balance. Stress and diet all present their challenges to our system. Drinking water is one of the easiest things to do. Drinking better water is even better. Here is where AlkaZone products can help you, first the AlkaZone Water Ionizer and second, when you are on the run, the AlkaZone Alkaline Booster. Many foods create excess acidity in the body in the course of the metabolic cycle. High stress can further add to the load. Eating foods that alkalize the body helps to support the need for buffering the acidity. Drinking water with plentiful mineral content is another easy measure. AlkaZone Alkaline Booster can be added to your preferred water to raise the pH , and also to offset the acidity in coffee or tea. What is AlkaZone Alkaline Booster? AlkaZone Alkaline Booster supplies valuable minerals in the form of a colorless, odorless, and tasteless drop that can be added to water. By adding just 3-4 drops to a glass of water, you can increase the pH to about 8-10. The minerals can buffer acidity from metabolism in the body. AlkaZone Alkaline Booster is made from organic potassium substances such as potassium bicarbonate, potassium lactate, potassium citrate and 79 trace minerals from marine deposits that have been amino acid formulated for better absorption. It has no sodium! The small 1.2 Oz bottle makes it ideal for travel. An ounce of prevention More and more nutritional literature is counseling us about the benefits of alkaline balance. Some nutritionists have even come to the conclusion that one of the causes of bone loss may be lack of sufficient mineral buffering from food, which would cause the body

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Aquarium Fish Care Tips – Different Varieties Revealed

Markets are a resource of a variety of fishes including the freshwater, coldwater and tropical fishes. Apart from these one can also find the saltwater and Seawater fishes. People who have written about fishes have pointed out to the saltwater fish also called the damsels as a species which are one of the top starter fishes. What they must know is that there are around 22000 species of fishes suitable for the fish tanks and some of these fishes are ideal for starters even more so than those damsels. It takes more effort in maintaining salt water fishes. water conditions and feeding patterns have to be carefully monitored. In order to settle on the ideal fish for starters one has to learn about fishes in general. In this article, we will look into fresh water fish even as we know starters are nicer with coldwater and freshwater fishes.

Shark fish which is black in colour and has a red tail is called Labeo Bicolor. Thailand is the home of this fish which grows to a maximum of 4.5 inches. Labeo Bicolor is shaped like a torpedo and is vary popular because of the way it looks. Just like the shark, this fish has a dorsal which looks like a flag and complements its silvery colour.This fish which is black in colour feels velvety and has a red tail which gives it a different look. This fish is not suited to be kept in tanks as known from one of its traits. One such trait is the yellow and orange caudal fins. This fish is very friendly though which makes it an ideal candidate for aquariums maintained by communities.

Just like the sucker which cleans the glass of the tank and the plants kept in them with the help of its mouth suitable to this job, the Labeo Bicolor also carries out similar responsibilities in the communal aquariums where they are kept. They thus are happy in communal waters but do not tolerate fishes from other families. Being a forager Labeo lives on algae and other foodstuff. Labeo is not fussy about the condition of water and makes sure the tank is sparkling clean at all times. One important thing to be noted though is that if one chooses to go in for this fish, he or she must make sure other fishes in the tank are those which can effectively adapt to the same living conditions. There are fishes that will easily adapt to acidy waters which are soft and there are those others which will adapt to alkaline waters which are hard. It is advisable to go through every detail regarding the nature and habits of this fish before going in for purchasing them for your aquarium.

One more breed of fishes which grow upto one and a half inches in size and feature olive or brown skins are the White Cloud Mountain Minnows or the Tanichthys Albonubes. These fishes have their origin in the White Cloud Mountain rivers in China and Canton.This fish has attractive stripes which goes all the way to the snout and roots of the caudal or the peduncle of the tail.Its adjusting nature and preference for all types of food stuff make the White Cloud Fish best suited for communal tanks. Water conditions can be neutral or hard for this species of fish. Ideal temperature would be about 50 degrees Fahrenheit, definitely not 70 degree fahrenheit. Though a lot of fishes of other species generally prefer a temperature of 80 degrees, the White Cloud Mountain are the cold water types. Males of this species are not as plump as their female counterpart.

Minnows
Breeding the White Cloud
If you have ever bred the Brachydanio, then you can breed the White Cloud Fish in the same way.Brachydanios including Rerio require you to line the bottom of the aquarium with pebbles of one and a half inch diameter.You must make sure water is not more than three inches deep. These fishes are happier in longer aquariums.

Abhishek Agarwal
http://www.articlesbase.com/pets-articles/aquarium-fish-care-tips-different-varieties-revealed-740513.html

Aquarium Fish Care – Barb Care Tips For Beginners

Sumatra barbs, red barbs, rosy barbs and tiger barbs are all different varieties of freshwater fishes. They are easy to maintain and breed. But the larger barbs can only be kept with big fishes. The large barbs can cause trouble in communal tanks and destroy your structured plans. They require more attention than the smaller ones and therefore the barbs have to be separated and grouped.

The purple head barb and the black ruby are from Ceylon. These fishes grow to the size of around two and half inches and live in communal tanks well. The female ones create a colourful and vibrant environment by flaunting their grey-yellow bodies that also show stripes or dark blotches. The male lot are mostly either black or brown and/or have their fronts that are vermilion red. They are not like the boisterous group of Puntius Conchonius groups and live comfortably in communal waters. They are not finicky when it comes to food and they hence eat anything. They also have no demands when it comes to the water conditions, they are best suited for natural water which is hard water. These types of fish are also easy to breed. They lay around three hundred eggs and like other barbs also spawn.

The Sumatra and tiger fish belong to the species of Capoeta Tetrazona. These come from Sumatra and Borneo and grow up to two inches. They are colourful and set off the tanks with their colours and stripes. The fish keeps changing its behaviour and because of this nature it happens to be among the most diverse in the market. This is proved as some people say the fish is mild and calming while others refer to it as the bully who terrorises the other fishes!

The Sumatra and tiger fishes need the similar water conditions as compared to other barbs. They tend to live in the practical as well as impractical alkaline water. The fish does well in salt water too. The temperature that is recommended is 78 degrees Fahrenheit. These fishes have good appetites and they are not fussy and eat everything. Breeders will benefit as barb fishes are all healthy spawns.

Female Sumatra and tiger fishes are fat and differ from the male ones who are slim and colourful fishes. The female ones are quite ordinary and plain and they breed. They however do have some bladder problems and the fins have a tendency to go rot. The water hence should be clean and spotless. The tank also should be watched over during breeding as the spawns laid by the fishes are likely to be bitten by the mutants.

Capoeta Titteya or Cherry barbs are fishes that come from Ceylon too and they grow to the size of two inches. They are normally brownish-yellow in colour or brownish red. These fishes differ from the others to look at as they consist of top to bottom dark black lines. They are good communal fishes and require the same water and feeding conditions like the other barbs. The male in these are of darker colours and during breeding they undergo change in colours which appears to be black or even cherry red but the stripes evaporate eventually.

These barbs breed like the others too and even lay up to a number of 200 eggs. The cherry barbs consist of a wide variety and the fascinating thing is that while some types feed on other barbs itself; the other types don’t do this.

Concluding if you are a beginner then to get better acquainted with tips on aquarium and fish care you can check the new Harlequins line out.

Abhishek Agarwal
http://www.articlesbase.com/pets-articles/aquarium-fish-care-barb-care-tips-for-beginners-740504.html

Has anybody experienced weight loss by drinking alkaline water?


alkaline water won’t help you lose weight alone. My mom started alkalizing her water, just b/c its better and healthier but she also only eats organic foods, sometimes she’ll indulge in something not organic, but that’s rarely. she also drinks 2 green drinks in the morning. Super greens and Vega. She has lost a significant amount of weight.

Soap Making – the Disappearing Skill

There are only two ingredients required to make soap, yet soap making can be a very time consuming and difficult project. In the old days, soap was made a couple of times per year, sometimes once a year. One of the reasons for not making soap more often was because it was a long-drawn out process.

The two items necessary to soap making are fat and lye. Any type of fat will work but it must be cleaned by a process known as rendering. The fat is placed in a large pot and allowed to melt. Any meat, gristle or hair will sink to the bottom as the temperature rises. The liquid fat is carefully ladled off and stored. If the fat you were using was from a pig those deep fried pieces of skin would be called crackling’s and were considered by many to be a delicacy.

The second item needed in soap making is lye. In the early 1900’s lye, in a dry form, could be found in almost every general store in America. Today it is not so easy to find. However, lye made from wood ash is called potash and can be made easily at home.

You will need two containers; one large one and a smaller one…the larger the better for the bigger one. A 55-gallon plastic barrel or drum is best for the larger container and a drywall bucket is large enough for the smaller one.

The larger container needs to be placed on a stable platform higher than the smaller one is tall. Gravity will do the most of the work. Into the large bucket you will place a layer of packed straw. You will then add ash from a wood fire. The ash from fruit trees and hardwoods will produce the strongest potash. Some of the old time soap makers would use only one type of ash. They learned that certain species of wood produced the strongest potash. The stronger the potash the better the soap will be.

About a gallon of water is then added to the large container. A small hole is put in the bottom of the bucket and the smaller bucket placed underneath.  Some people allow the water to sit in the larger bucket before it’s drained off. A cork or stopper may be placed in the hole. Add a small amount of water daily until you have a working potash barrel. About a half a gallon will do. As the water drips down through the ash and straw it leaches out the alkaline chemicals in the ash. That is what potash is: a basic acid.

Acid when combined with fat produces soap. It’s a basic chemical reaction. The problem with making soap is the unpredictable strength of the potash. Potash suitable for soap making should be able to float a raw egg so that only a portion of the shell about the size of quarter should show above the liquid. If the potash does not float the egg it is poured back into the large container and allowed to drip through again. It takes up to a week or more to get a gallon of potash. Ashes are continually added to the larger container. Eventually the large container will need to be emptied and new straw and ashes added.

Once you have potash strong enough to float an egg you are ready to begin the time consuming job of boiling the potash and fat together until it reacts sufficiently to make soap. Determining how much fat to add to potash is the difficult part. Too much potash and you will be stirring the mixture over a hot fire or stove for many hours, too little and you will end up with useless fat. It is better to have too much potash than too little. The most commonly used ratio is 1:1. Equal amounts of both fat and strong potash.

The soap that you are used to seeing is not what this process will produce. Until salt became an inexpensive item all homemade soap was the consistency of jelly. Homemade soap of bygone eras was like today’s shower gel. To make soap hard salt must be added at the end of the process. The addition of salt allows the soap to set.

If you add salt to your soap mixture you will need to place it in a pan, box or mold to harden. If you do not add salt you can use any container to hold your soap. Just remember that it’s easier to dip the liquid soap than to pour so choose a container with a large top opening.

Ground herbs, nut hulls, scented oils and colorings can be added once the process is complete but before you pour the soap into your containers. Hardened soaps are usually allowed to cure for a couple of weeks. Once cured the new soaps are cut and ready for use.

C.L. Hendricks
http://www.articlesbase.com/crafts-articles/soap-making-the-disappearing-skill-708238.html

TriMedica AlkaMax Alkaline Booster 200 gm Powder

TriMedica AlkaMax Alkaline Booster 200 gm Powder

AlkaMax Alkaline Booster is a patent pending, one-of-a-kind all natural antacid and alkaline booster that can put an end to heartburn, indigestion, and excess acid in the body. Unlike chemically-saturated over the counter products that only mask the underlying problems of excess acid, AlkaMax Alkaline Booster penetrates the source of acid build up and promotes long lasting alkaline balance throughout the entire body. Warning: This product contains potassium which may interfere with certain types of heart medications and diuretics. Those individuals using such medications should use this product only under the supervision of a medical professional. Suggested Use: Suggested Use: Mix one teaspoon in water one to two times daily or as directed by your health practitioner. Ingredients: Supplement Facts Serving Size 1 Teaspoon Servings Per Container Appox. 40 Amount Per Capsule %DV Proprietary blend 4150 mg ** Glycine Citric Acid Potassium Bicarbonate Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) (root) —————————————————— Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. ** Daily value not established. Suggested Use: Mix one teaspoon in water one to two times daily or as directed by your health practitioner. Warning: This product contains potassium which may interfere with certain types of heart medications and diuretics. Those individuals using such medications should use this product only under the supervision of a medical professional. Best Used: Approx. 3 years from the date of purchase.

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